General

1. Relevance to the call’s scope and main challenges:

In order to achieve Europe’s energy targets, the enablement of grid-secure integration of RES at all voltage levels is one of the major challenges. Curtailment needs to be limited while respecting the grid’s transfer capacity and limiting grid reinforcement investments. In the Callia project, we will combine the learnings from multiple regional demonstration and R&D projects to develop and pilot a grid operational management approach, based on local DSO area balancing and implementation of agent-based RES components, combined with improved DSO-TSO coordination supplemented with (cross-border) inter-DSO power exchanges. Callia will develop the architecture and prototyping an inter-DSO trading interface, which considers both the already existing e.g. ENTSO-E and newest standards e.g. IEC/PAS 62746-10-1 and allows the seamless integration of intra-DSO e-management signaling (prove of concept: German traffic light scheme). This will reduce the strain on the TSO-DSO connection points, but above all limits losses by enabling the balancing of local production and consumption in adjacent regions without
the need of crossing all voltage levels in an up-horizontal-down trajectory. The project results will be validated both in co-simulations and a pilot of the RES-DSO-TSO interfaces. Callia will contribute to the ERA-Net call with the following

1. Technology development: innovative ICT for system aware holonic design (trading learning agents) for improved integration of RES especially at distribution level will be investigated. Callia will integrate technology from TRL 5 and 6 (validated and demonstrated in relevant environment), and will generate technology demonstrated in industrial (relevant) environment, and system prototype demonstration in operational environment. An example for TRL 5 and 6 technology integration is the devolo control box, which is planned to use in the WP3 to demonstrate the performance of controllable RES components in a smart grid.
2. Market design and business models: the focus is the inter-DSO interface “energy peering point” and the mapping from/to the intra-DSO demand – response scheme. New approaches to be considered are concepts of dividing the billing for energy transport and energy prosumption as a precondition for flexible RES integration.
3. Customer adoption, integrating renewables and flexible production: Callia investigates and validates the interaction between the Inter-DSO interface and the Intra-DSO demandresponse scheme which connects the customers  (individual for bulk RES, aggregators).
4. Competitiveness of T&S providers and engineering companies: the research methodology is a balanced approach between generic upcoming architectures and technologies (e.g. trading agents, differentiation power/transport) which will be investigated and (rapid) prototyped and validation demonstrators with the EU service providers. This approach guarantees in a synergetic way both the benefit for the technology and engineering companies and for the DSO’s for future Inter-DSO e-trading.
5. Scalability: the Callia Inter-DSO interface will contribute to the transnational scalability of solutions – similar to the internet with its inter-tier-2 peering points this principle allows a scalable growth of the holonic internet of energy by both vertically and horizontally e-peering points.
6. Linking interdisciplinary experts: Callia is a networking project with a coherent set of component parts and complementary partners who implement a vertical integration of the full “value-chain” of stakeholders (knowledge production-technology development- transferapplication). Morover, Callia will be very active in the Smart Grids Knowledge Community, with activities to promote knowledge-sharing between regional and European smart grids initiatives.

1.1 Project objectives and goals:

Callia aims to provide insight into technologies and concepts that will support the RES compatibility of Europe’s electricity network, i.e. being able to deal with:

• Local matching of RES at DSO level
• Curtailment of RES
• Balancing between local DSO grids and global TSO grids

The Callia objectives are derived from the objectives of the European “Energy 2020 strategy: towards a low carbon economy” by improving the potential for RES integration by using the inter-DSO flexibility potentials. Project results already achieved in finished and running projects will be complementary combined. The available solutions (models, communications, and tools) for vertical intra-DSO energy trading chain prosumer – aggregator – DSO will be enhanced for the inter-DSO power trading. Differentiation between trading of power transport and power prosumption (transactive energy approach) is a particular Callia innovation. The pilot will validate the results in a lab and field trial. The trials will show how the inter-DSO energy exchange generates a higher potential for RES integration using the inter-DSO flexibility potentials resulting in a convergence of the multiple-win trading game. The dissemination and exploitation will derive conclusions for regulations.

Therefore, Callia will start with a detailed requirements analysis of the future business cases for:

1. RES integration: the pilot location will be selected and the key performance indicators (KPI’s) for the pilot will be determined (WP1, T 1.1)
2. Business Use Cases between prosumers (RES), DSOs and TSOs (WP1 T 1.2)

Callia will contribute to the regulation of Smart Grids through a validation trial which generates experiences in implementing the concepts of the European energy market regulation (WP1, T1.3) New ICT components from the partners’ national projects will be integrated and adapted: robust communications (WP2, T2.1), trading protocol based on newest IEC standard (WP2, T2.2) and multi agent system platform (WP2, T2.3).
The pilot will validate the business use cases and the stable interaction between the trading layer and the control layer (WP3). Through the entire project by a web page and scientific publications will disseminate results (WP4, T4.2). By actively engaging in stakeholder discussions, involving policy makers and networking organisations in workshops and with active contributions to the standardization bodies (VDE, OVE) the Callia experiences will become relevant for incorporating Smart Grid in regulation (WP4, T4.3).

2. Aspects relating to the project

2.1 Background and state-of-the-art

Currently transmission grid operators secure mainly stable and secure operation of the power system at the high voltage level by the , while the distribution grid operators have a rather passive role. However, the bulk of distributed generationfeed in at the distribution level. Ancillary services, mainly provided by means of the transmission grid, aim at amongst others maintaining admissible voltage levels at all nodes, stabilizing the frequency at 50 Hz and bring black start ability to the power system.
Considering that already today major parts of the power generation is installed at the distribution grid level, it will be also necessary to provide ancillary services at this level. By doing so a major problem is, that these ancillary services are intended to be a service for supporting the transmission grid, but are provided within the MV and the LV grid. As the operation of the grid itself “consumes” already some of these ancillary services (additional line losses by reactive power flow, higher losses due to a higher PV in-feed, voltage stability and arising limits of the provision
etc.), it is of high interest to assess, how much of these locally provided services actually reaches and supports the transmission grid.
On the national level concepts for managing these dynamic processes are discussed (e.g. German traffic light mechanism). However, there is no framework at the European level for inter DSO power exchange. Similar to the internet we expect two future international inter-DSO power exchange interfaces: as already exists via TSO(s) “horizontal peering” and a future direct DSO – DSO “vertical peering”. A hybrid form will be renting statically a piece of “virtual copper” from a TSO. To this end, Callia will adhere to the following existing national projects:
From Salzburg Research experiences, relevant for Callia are competencies from the projects INTEGRA (Integrated Architecture of Local Intelligent Distribution Networks and Virtual Power Plants), SCS (Smart Campus Salzburg: Trading-based energy exchange for RES integration and power exchange in campus environments as proof-of-concept), or IPEN (IP Infrastructure for Energy Networks). Salzburg Research has many years of successful experience in scientific project work both in highly competitive national and European funding frameworks
(e.g. FFG, H2020) in the context of networking, communication, agents systems with a special focus on the energy domain as field of application in recent years.
VITO/EnergyVille has been involved in multiple national and European projects (as workpackage leader and task leader) related to Demand-Response, and is leading the subprogram on Interoperable Control and ICT in the EERA Joint Program on Smart Grids. The main relevant competences relate to interoperable trading and control solutions based on flexibility models and abstractions, as well as multi-objective optimization (including machine learning).
The ORCOS institute from the TU Vienna will contribute to Callia with its experiences in Dynamic optimization of heterogeneous and spatial systems, Optimal control of ODE-systems, Multistage optimal control and dynamic games, Discrete optimization and games.
The University of Stuttgart, namely the Institute of Power Transmission and High Voltage Technology, has a strong background in the simulation of complex energy systems. These comprise, amongst many other related projects, the analysis of upcoming HVDC backbone grids and their influence on the grid stability of the transmission system as well as the optimal control of parts of the distribution grid. Additionally, a strong background of the institute is in the planning of high voltage grids. As Callia (WP1) aims at the provision of ancillary services from the distribution grid to the transmission grid “both sides” of the grid are covered very well within the research topics and constitute a very solid base to perform the tasks as described in WP1.
BEDAS has participated in many relevant projects, the two most relevant ones are: DAGSIS Impact Analysis and Optimization of Distribution Connected Systems: Impact of distributed generation, distributed storage, electric vehicle utilization and power to grid applications on distribution grid will be analyzed in this project. The goal of this project is optimum planning and operation of distribution connected systems. Optimum placement of storage and improved integration of DG and electric transportation is aimed by various simulations, power system analysis and pilot implementations; and: Hybrid Communication Infrastructure and Smart Meter Pilot, Feasibility and  Dissemination Roadmap Determination: The pilot project aims to gain experience on planning, implementation and demonstration of a new AMI system. The project shall investigate differences of PLC, CDMA, GSM and fiber optic
communication infrastructure.
devolo AG is an active partner in the following two public funded national German joint research projects with a strong focus on smart grid technologies. The first one is project ENERGIE, which focuses on grid monitoring on low voltage level and the corresponding data transfer via PLC. The second project is SEnCom with is strongly related to IT Security aspects in smart grids with a focus PLC technologies. The background and knowledge of these projects can transferred in further smart grid technologies and applications.
ISC Konstanz is a beneficiary to the European (FP7) project: CoSSMic – Collaborating Smart Solar-powered Micro-grids. Within this EU project the research consortium develops ICT solutions for electricity negotiation of several smart micro grids. ISC Konstanz is responsible for two smart quarters test sites (Konstanz, Germany and Province of Caserta, Italy). On national level, development and demonstration of a hybrid PV and thermal solar façade to drive a heat pump in combination with CHP technology for smart building energy supply is being targeted. Moreover, within the C/Sells project (in evaluation, expected start early 2016) coordinated by SmartGridsBW, ISC Konstanz will equip the area Ehoch4 (the former Oberschwabenkaserne close to the city Sigmaringen) with smart grid technology. The area has recently established a 10MW PV system and connected to the medium voltage grid operated by EnBW.

2.2 Scientific approach

The project approach is to combine complementary achieved national project results of the Callia partners (par. 2.1) in a more complex European level. This higher level of the Smart Grid as System of Systems generates new scientific questions: (1) Which trading regulations are needed for realizing a multiple-win game between the involved stakeholders RES-Operator, DSO’s, TSO? (2) How will trading and th control cooperate in a stable way? Which ICT components and interfaces are required, adapted, new developed? (3) How to implement an RES-Inter-DSO trial
which generates validation results? For answering these questions Callia integrates both the full “value-chain” and also integrates the necessary multidisciplinary research in power and ICT domains.
The scientific project components cover both applied research and experimental development. Based on state of the art analysis of the already well-analysed vertical intra-DSO energy trading chain prosumer – aggregator – DSO applied research will investigate inter-DSO trading algorithms. This requires new approaches reflecting the inter-DSO time- and energy-volume scales in algorithms and prototypical architecture. Experimental development will validate the results in a complex lab trial and a selected field trial. The field trial will show how inter-DSO
energy exchange generates a higher potential for RES integration using inter-DSO flexibility potentials.

2.3 Three Layer Research Model applicability

Callia contributes to the Three Layer Research Model “… also to develop and structure the market with new goods and services and to learn more about how to overcome barriers built into communities and society.”
Stakeholders / Adoption: Callia will contribute to easy transparent market-oriented RES integration for operators. Industry (PV, battery, DSO) is the main target group for the project, as business modelling methods for e.g. prosumer interaction: PV <-> battery are in focus .
As there are a large variety of practices all over Europe, transnational cooperation is required to allow for tapping the different. Callia aims at broadening some existing limited national views on the energy grid (e.g. the German “copper plate” approach cannot be applied/assumed for cross border inter-DSO trading).
Marketplace: Callia aims at creating solutions for energy market participants for leveraging smart resources across national borders and for easing participation in changing energy market structures. Callia will research the implications of trading with two goods (power and transport) and potential services like RES market platforms, which will include the following topics: retail market and interfaces, business modelling methods, standards, abolition of barriers between European countries, prosumer interaction, forecast, demand side management, integration of
micro grids, flexibility, energy exchange with neighbours, economic research, etc.
In order to address stability challenges in all countries and to create divergent solutions that will avoid market failure at borders, cooperation will comprise several projects by transnational consortia on convergent issues and different aspects of future energy market structures. One of Callia’s research challenge is to develop multiple-win trading games with rules acceptable for all stakeholders but avoiding oscillating energy prosumption and transport at the same time.
Technology: Callia will develop innovative technological concepts for sustainable energy systems with a low TRL, which will be applied within Callia to generate knowledge (models, architecture) for (1) inter-DSO power trading; and (2) robust communication from/to RES devices in low developed infrastructures (Turkey). The Callia validation field trial will demonstrate the business and technical feasibility with the scenario “PV-operator in Turkey sells power to a battery operator in (1) Turkey; and (2) Germany and/or Austria”. Moreover, Callia will integrate the newest standards for power trading IEC/PAS 62746-10-1 in order for the trading platform to be prototyped. The project shall be based on open source tools as far as possible. It is expected, that many practical implementation issues have to be adressed. This gives the Callia consortia the opportunity to become visible in the international Smart Grid ICT community. The resulting strong company involvement during the demonstration avoids the valley of death. On the topic of energy storage, Callia integrates battery and ICT aspects to develop robust RES communication. In addition, Callia develops energy exchange with neighbours through an inter- DSO e-trading framework, in order to ensure that the integration of renewable energy sources increases the flexibility for PV integration.
Integrating a wider range of requirements into technical solution leads to better scalability and transferability. For this reason Callia targets different ICT infrastructures of the project partners by developing a flexible adaptable RES communication. The result is the seamless transferability of the Callia architecture for RES and batteries in the partners’ infrastructures. The cornerstone of Callia’s dissemination is the validation trial; the results of which will be used by all partners in their business domains. Callia integrates the regulation organizations for creating a future SMEsound (e.g. PV operator) regulation framework for inter-DSO e-trading.

2.4 Transnational added value

Europe’s energy policy strives for safe, secure, sustainable and affordable energy. collaboration between stakeholders cross European borders allowing for solutions compatible to each other are key to reach these goals. An approach integrating research partners and industry, with close links to regional and national stakeholders, is hence indispensable for implementing solutions from research and development towards field trials. Transferring skills, methodology and knowledge on smart grids and renewable energy & storage from single institutes that normally do not interact to industrial parties that will implement solutions, requires a European collaboration on a wide range of multidisciplinary areas. Moreover, streamlining of interactions is necessary to manage the remaining cross-border power flows. The varying levels and amounts of RES in individual European countries make cross-border interaction of TSOs and DSOs highly relevant. Callia thus combines different skills and knowledge that are scattered over Europe, into one project to establish a critical mass required to demonstrate solutions at different locations in
Europe.

3. Innovative content and scientific merit

Intense stakeholder involvement through national and international fora and virtual focus groups. Considering the diversity of stakeholders involved, this is crucial for the sustainability of the Callia results.
Innovative Content:

1. Callia is the first European project that implements a pilot for inter-DSO energy trading. The business case behind this innovation is the increased flexibility for RES integration, e.g. solar power export from Turkey to Germany/Austria.
2. Callia is the first European project which differentiates between power-transport and powerprosumption. This opens the way to new business models and investments, e.g. a power consuming company in Germany owns also a PV plant in Turkey and wants to buy only power-transport.

Scientific merit: Callia generates new knowledge about the future Smart Grid. Recently the two cornerstones of Callia are not legalized by the regulation bodies:

1. “two goods approach” differentiation between power-transport and power-prosumption,
2. dynamic trading based integration of all stakeholders. The first step to such a future Smart Grid (as it is requested by EC, ENTSO, T1.3) is to develop a validation demonstrator which aggregates existing concepts and components of partners to answer the open questions: Which trading regulations are needed to realise the multiple-win game between the involved stakeholders RES-Operator, DSO’s, TSO? How will the trading process and the control cooperate in a stable way? Which ICT components and interfaces are necessary, adapted, new developed? How to implement an RES-Inter-DSO trial for validation?

4. Key impact perspectives

There is a clear trend that RES will continue to grow rapidly. The bulk of RES has beenconnected to distribution grids on mid- and low voltage levels. Due to intermittent nature of most RES resources (wind, PV) and their limited dispatchability, combined with disappearing dispatchable fossil generation units as they are no longer in-the-money, a paradigm shift towards load-follows-generation is needed, which results in increasingly more flexible load management (Demand Response, Demand Side Management).
DSOs are confronted particularly with the challenge to manage their grid in a secure and most effective manner in the presence of distributed intermittent generation. This generation is subject to forecast errors and real-time locational variations on the one hand. Distributed flexible loads that are controlled by multiple actors (prosumer himself, aggregator, grid operator, …), each with their own business goal on the other hand adds complexity. Therefore, there is a need for distribution grid level localized management, based on local and intra-day (close to real-time)
forecast information of generation and consumption, combined with local grid status information.
Such optimized grid management would attempt to– balance as much as possible local RES generation with local loads at distribution grid level, while taking into account external price signals as well. Thus, the interface with the TSOs becomes important. The local matching would limit the required power flows at the DSO-TSO border/ connection point, next to limiting losses and mitigating potential congestions at higher voltage levels.
The Callia cross-border collaboration between DSOs and TSOs will further integrate European power markets deploying both flexibilities across national borders and guaranteeing cross-border marketplaces stability of the European power system. By this, we will contribute to an East-West- Solar Arch connecting virtually and physically solar generation and flexibilities in Europe.
By streamlining interfaces between the stakeholders DSOs and TSOs market access for flexibility providers will be enhanced overcoming common barriers in this field. Cross-national learning shall allow for harmonized communication paths, protocols, and interfaces. New standards and technologies will be developed and applied, putting the existing national demonstration projects on a larger scale.
The Callia demo/pilot will demonstrate, that flexibility for the integration of solar plants will be significantly improved.
Callia’s results will contribute to the ambitious European goals for Renewable Energy Supply as described in the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan, the European Energy Roadmap), and the Low Carbon Europe Roadmap by facilitating and easing large scale integration of intermittent distributed generation into the grid.

4.1 Relevance and benefit to society

The Callia project generates new potential for RES integration by inter-DSO power trading. This contributes to the high-level social objective of CO2 reduction as global challenge.
In all participating countries the save and affordable energy supply is a central policy issue and all innovations have to be carefully validated before they can be implemented in the society. Naturally, there are different potentials for RES power generation, and there are different levels of power consumption in individual European countries. Callia’s inter-DSO trading platform will offer new opportunities for investments in RES technology and installations. This contributes to the European strategy to create high value jobs.
Innovation and high-tech knowledge are essential for realizing the cost targets. hence for keeping PV related industry in Europe. As high-tech is more resilient to crisis1, Europe will benefit from a highly innovative industry, connected to European business models. Moreover, seizing market opportunities requires an integral approach, in which research and development of world-class (competitive and innovative) technology is combined with addressing the desires and needs of individuals and society. Therefore, Callia goes beyond purely economic, ecologic and technologic
aspects, by actively engaging in stakeholder discussions and involving policy makers and networking organisations in the project’s communication and dissemination plans through stakeholder fora.

4.2 Environmental/sustainability impacts

Callia contributes to affordable safe and sustainable energy, by taking one of the most promising renewable energy sources, PV, as a starting point for RES, without limiting the solution to it. PV has currently already reached “grid parity”, i.e. that consumer electricity prices are comparable from PV as from the grid, in most parts of southern Europe, hence rapidly becoming affordable, especially with prices for PV systems expected to continue decrease for at least the next 10 years. PV can also be de-centrally implemented in the urban tissue, and matches with the distributed ICT solutions that Callia will develop to ensure secure supply of energy, with low sensitivity for
failures on parts of the network.
The innovation focus of Callia is on a trading layer with new regulations for all stakeholders “gaming rules”. Positive and negative implications of a free energy trading market will be investigated and conclusions for transparency and fairness will be derived. This will stimulate sustainable power trading strategies of the RES- operators

4.3 Ethical aspects (if applicable)

Beyond questions of regulation and governance, Smart Grid poses other social and ethical
challenges including:

• protecting the privacy of consumer usage information
• securing the grid from attacks by foreign nations, terrorists, and malevolent hackers
• ensuring social equity both in terms of access and cost of electric power service
• maximizing utilization of energy efficiency and renewable energy sources.

Moreover, Callia targets ethical issues (ethics involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct) by increasing the potential for RES integration. For many people this initiative is not only business motivated but also contributing to future oriented objectives like mitigating climate change.

5. IPR, dissemination and communication measures

5.1 IPR management

A file-sharing facility will take care of dissemination of information within the consortium. This facility can be set up in a way that it is possible to keep crucial information, only privileged to part of the consortium, confidential.
The know-how produced will become directly available to the partners in joint collaborative efforts but also in principle at a later stage to others, if access is not restricted by confidentiality agreements. It will be Callia’s policy to conclude such confidentiality agreements at the beginning of the project to regulate the dissemination and exploitation aspects involved. The partners have no previous business agreements that may impose limitations to the subsequent exploitation of the results.
An exploitation and dissemination manager will be appointed by the project manager, to support the dissemination and replication of results, and to create a link between generated IP, the communication plan and the need for dissemination in order to replicate the results.
The rules concerning the intellectual property for this project (foreground and the transfer or joint ownership of background knowledge) will be agreed on before the start of the project by all partners in a consortium agreement. All knowledge generated and shared within the project will be handled as confidential within the consortium, unless all partners decide to make it public.
In order to make sure that the terms are followed, to avoid disputes and to facilitate business planning, the coordinator will maintain an IP directory throughout the duration of the project.
This document will list all items of knowledge relating to the work of the project, both preexisting know-how and results developed in the project. To ensure protection of the IP the document will make explicit for each item the owners, the nature of the knowledge, its perceived potential for exploitation, the currently agreed status of the item concerning access rights, plans to use the knowledge in exploitation.
An initial version of an IP directory linked to a communication plan will be created at the start of the project. This directory and communication plan will be updated regularly, distributed to all partners, and discussed at plenary meetings. It will form a key tool to enable knowledge management. The exploitation and dissemination manager will advise a framework for handling both knowledge and IP within this directory.
Current exploitation plans: Pavo is a leading technology company in Turkey focused on Smart Grid solutions. Control and Communication electronic products are their key technologies, and the electronic hardware design developed in Callia can be used in the RES integration points of Grid. Pavo’s role is to design BSP (board support package, Embedded algorithm sw, communication platform (gsm, plc, fiber, 61850 protocol) security features, concentrator with project partners, which will enhance its competences on Smart Grid control and communication
layers to enable further exploitation devolo AG is the European market leader today for power-line communication (PLC) solutions with over 25 million sold PLC adapters with own developed hard- and software. Our technology
is relevant for in-house communication, home control and automation as well as smart grids on the distributed grid level. The Callia project will be used to develop and design components, which are optimized for different European smart grids and their applications with a focus on communication technologies and RES control. The demonstration in the Callia project with powerful European partners enhances the quality of the involved devolo developments as well as their visibility in the market.
The DSO’s and TSO’s (BEDAS, EnBW ODR) and aggregator (REstore) will benefit from the project through the new developed solutions. Moreover, all partners will benefit from the discussions with stakeholders to assess the existing legal framework and opening it for European solutions, rather than local solutions.

5.2 Communication plan

Callia goes beyond purely economic, ecologic and technological aspects, by actively engaging in stakeholder discussions, involving policy makers and networking organisations in workshops and with active contributions to the standardization bodies (VDE, OVE).
The communication activities aim to discuss non-confidential results obtained within the project with stakeholders for this project, to benefit the whole community. At the kick-off meeting, the exploitation and dissemination manager will present a dissemination and communication plan, ased on the project outline. Major stakeholders for the Callia project will be DSOs and TSOs outside the project that could benefit from the Callia results. Therefore, the Callia consortium will be open for collaboration with these partners outside the consortium, and will invite them to key events and ask them to liaise with the project through letters of intent and participation in workshops. Already, letters of intent have been collected from some major stakeholders for the project, such as Fronius (to provide equipment and feedback on the project) and UEDAS (to provide communication infrastructure installation, data and support on the pilot execution).
For the regulatory framework, it will be imperative to receive feedback from stakeholders in the political and regulatory framework on all levels throughout Europe (from regional stakeholders like (larger) prosumers, regional, national and European legislators).

The Callia consortium sees active participation in the ERA-Net Smart Grids Plus Knowledge Community as a way to reach impact beyond the project’s scope.
The consortium can support the Knowledge Community with their knowledge, network and expertise, e.g. in the working groups System architecture and implementation modelling; Interoperability and standardisation; Cross energy carrier synergies; Regulatory and market development. Especially the establishment of a common European interoperability outline is important for the Callia project, as this is a crucial step for Europe to become a single market for Smart Grid that is lucrative for Smart Grid technology suppliers with sound business models.
Moreover, Callia allows for collaboration between projects in order to create synergies, especially in the regulatory and business model fields, but also to learn from the technology developments in other projects and to create business opportunities.

5.3 Dissemination plan

The dissemination activities aim to promote non-confidential results obtained within the project as swiftly and effectively as possible to benefit the whole community and to avoid duplication of R&D efforts.
The dissemination activities will be setout in the communication plan as well. Its purpose is to formalise and keep track of all dissemination actions planned for the project, and to set out the key dates associated with planned events. All partners will contribute to a strategic communication plan that will be set-up at the kick-off of the project, and which will be updated after 18 months.
A dedicated project website will be implemented presenting project objectives, results, status, consortium publications and useful links to the topics related to the project. The first entry point will be held attractive for the general public, and will be regularly updated.
At least three publications per year in international journals are expected throughout the duration of Callia, that will either be uploaded to or cited on this website (depending on copyright bounds. In addition, publication and attendance to European conferences, providing unique interaction with the scientific and business RTD community, is also planned.
The results of the project will be further disseminated through different mass marketing channels, such as newsletters and press releases to newspapers and magazines, television and radio to raise the public awareness to several communities. When important research milestones are reached, press releases will be issued. Media and press contacts and spoke-persons will be appointed to be responsible for good media relations in order to transmit key messages from Callia with focus on the challenges, positive achievements, results and benefits.
Moreover, Callia aims to create a factsheet at project start, incorporating general project information, information about the challenges this project addresses, the (expected) results from the trials and demonstrations, and the potential for future exploitation of results. It is foreseen that this factsheet will become a living document, which will be updated after each plenary meeting, to provide the ERA-Net Smart Grids Knowledge Community with an overview how the project results have progressed and how the results may affect policies to enhance smart grids
implementation.

6. Risk analysis plan

6.1 Risk identification

The potential risks are separated in three aspects, which are project work/organization, technology/field tests and external dependencies that influence the project implementation.
Project work/organization: The major risks in this category are deviations from the original budget estimations, delay in progress causing challenges on the project work plan to be finalised in time, lack of communication between partners, and the withdrawal of beneficiaries (before or during the contract).
Technology/Field tests: In the Callia project are minimum two real field tests planned to demonstrate smart grid applications and transfer experiences from Germany and Austria to Turkey. A potential risk could be the transfer due to the different grid conditions and quality as well as the attended electromagnetic compatibility.
External dependencies: The main risk will be to ensure the planned demonstrations can be carried out according to the workplan (i.e. both in content and in the timeframe planned).

6.2 Risk analysis

Project work/organization:
All project partners have done their utmost best to estimate the budget as accurately as possible, however deviations from this plan may occur, as there is a real chance that some activities will be more complicated than planned. However, as the project is closely linked to on-going activity within the partners daily activity and has strong links with on-going national/ regional projects, the partners are confident that they will have the ability to cope with deviations.
Moreover, a delay in progress of some parts of the projects might be expected, as it is a very innovative project, with many operational challenges to be solved. However, with careful project planning and good monitoring of the milestones, Callia expects that with a flexible attitude and good communications, these delays do not have to lead to a delay in realising the project goals.
Even if one of the activities might face substantially more challenges than now expected, the overall collaboration and achievement of other activities will have sufficient added value for the European Community. Callia will in any case contribute thoroughly to the Knowledge Community and ensure that best practices and implementation challenges (and solutions) will be communicated to a broad audience.
The withdrawal of project partners seems to be a low risk, as all partners are dedicated to this project, and have shown stability in times of economic hardship. In the unlikely event this happens, the consortium is dedicated to find practical solutions to minimise the risk for the project.
Technology/Field tests: In the case that the transferred smart grid applications are not demonstrate their full potential in another grid (e.g. Austrian concept in Turkey), the whole success of the project is not completely risked, but the performance of individual applications can be reduced (e.g. reduced data rates for the communication technologies).
External dependencies: Having the permission, the equipment and other logistics in place to carry out the planned demonstrations is a crucial factor for the success of the project.

6.3 Risk prevention

Risk management falls under the responsibility of WP-leaders, and will be assessed at all project meetings (telephone meetings and plenary meetings). Callia’s WP-leaders are dedicated to monitor risk indicators on a regular basis, to inform the consortium about project risks before they become a problem, and to transform the date available on the risks into decisions and mitigating actions.
All partners are aware what they should contribute to the project, and that they are expected to communicate on their challenges and results on a regular basis. Moreover, all partners have been involved in national / regional projects before and have experience with the expectation level as of a project like Callia.
Technology/Field tests: All potential technology transfers start with a lab scale demonstration provided by the research partners of the Callia project, who also test the electromagnetic compatibility of the involved technologies. Furthermore, the key technologies for smart grids like the data communication are presented with different approaches (G3-PLC, CENELEC or GSM) by more than one manufacturer (e.g. devolo or Pavotek) in the Callia project.
External dependencies: In order to limit the risk on the demonstration activities, all project partners will, from the start of the project, identify what external dependencies there are, and what the risk is for not having the separate components in place at the right time to start the demonstration. Based on the milestone in month 6, the consortium will decide on which demonstrations will be carried out, for which the risk assessment place an important role. Having
several options to demonstrate the solutions will provide alternatives, and thorough project management will ensure that the demonstrations chosen will be carried out smoothly.